Lanthanum-138

Cat. No.: B101452

CAS No.: 15816-87-2

M. Wt: 137.90712 g/mol

InChI Key: FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-BJUDXGSMSA-N

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Overview

1. Description

7. Comparison with similar compounds

2. Scientific research applications

8. Properties

3. Mechanism of action

9. Synthesis routes and methods I

4. Safety and hazards

10. Synthesis routes and methods II

5. Preparation methods

11. Disclaimer

6. Chemical reactions analysis

Description

Lanthanum-138 is a radioactive isotope of the element lanthanum, which belongs to the lanthanide series of the periodic table. It has an atomic number of 57 and a mass number of 138. This compound is naturally occurring and constitutes approximately 0.0902% of all lanthanum found in nature. This isotope is notable for its extremely long half-life of about 1.05 × 10^11 years, making it a subject of interest in various scientific fields .

Scientific Research Applications

Lanthanum-138 has several scientific research applications, including:

Gamma Spectroscopy: Due to its gamma emission, this compound is used in gamma spectroscopy for studying radioactive decay and nuclear reactions.

Medical Imaging: this compound’s radioactive properties make it useful in certain types of medical imaging and diagnostic techniques.

Environmental Studies: It is used to trace and study environmental processes involving rare earth elements.

Material Science: this compound is used in the development of new materials and alloys with specific properties

Mechanism of Action

Lanthanum-138, like other isotopes of Lanthanum, can form insoluble lanthanum phosphate complexes that pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract unabsorbed. This property is used in medical applications where Lanthanum is used as a phosphate binder to reduce serum phosphate in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Safety and Hazards

Lanthanum will burn under fire conditions and may react with water under fire conditions liberating flammable hydrogen gas. It may emit fumes of lanthanum oxide under fire conditions. Special protective equipment and precautions for firefighters include full face, self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing to prevent contact with skin and eyes.

Preparation Methods

Synthetic Routes and Reaction Conditions: Lanthanum-138 can be isolated from naturally occurring lanthanum through a series of chemical processes. The primary method involves the separation of lanthanum isotopes using techniques such as ion-exchange chromatography and solvent extraction. These methods exploit the slight differences in the chemical properties of the isotopes to achieve separation.

Industrial Production Methods: Industrial production of this compound is not common due to its low natural abundance and the complexity of its separation. when required, it is typically extracted from minerals such as monazite and bastnäsite, which contain lanthanum along with other rare earth elements. The extraction process involves crushing the minerals, followed by chemical treatment to isolate lanthanum and its isotopes .

Chemical Reactions Analysis

Types of Reactions: Lanthanum-138 undergoes several types of chemical reactions, including:

Oxidation: this compound reacts with oxygen to form lanthanum oxide (La₂O₃). This reaction occurs slowly at room temperature but can be accelerated at higher temperatures.

Reduction: this compound can be reduced by hydrogen to form lanthanum hydride (LaH₃).

Substitution: this compound can participate in substitution reactions to form various lanthanum compounds, such as lanthanum chloride (LaCl₃) when reacted with hydrochloric acid.

Common Reagents and Conditions:

Oxygen: For oxidation reactions, atmospheric oxygen is sufficient.

Hydrogen: For reduction reactions, hydrogen gas is used under controlled conditions.

Hydrochloric Acid: For substitution reactions, concentrated hydrochloric acid is commonly used.

Major Products Formed:

Lanthanum Oxide (La₂O₃): Formed from oxidation.

Lanthanum Hydride (LaH₃): Formed from reduction.

Lanthanum Chloride (LaCl₃): Formed from substitution with hydrochloric acid

Comparison with Similar Compounds

Lanthanum-138 can be compared with other lanthanide isotopes and elements:

Cerium-138: Similar in mass number but differs in its decay processes and applications.

Barium-138: A stable isotope formed from the decay of this compound.

Other Lanthanides: this compound shares some chemical properties with other lanthanides, such as cerium and neodymium, but its radioactive properties make it unique.

Uniqueness:

Long Half-Life: this compound’s extremely long half-life distinguishes it from many other radioactive isotopes.

Gamma Emission: The specific energy levels of gamma photons emitted during its decay make it particularly useful in gamma spectroscopy

Properties

IUPAC Name	lanthanum-138	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

InChI	InChI=1S/La/i1-1	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

InChI Key	FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-BJUDXGSMSA-N	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Canonical SMILES	[La]	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Isomeric SMILES	[138La]	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

Molecular Formula	La	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

DSSTOX Substance ID	DTXSID40935867	Source
Record name	(~138~La)Lanthanum
Source	EPA DSSTox
URL	https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID40935867
Description	DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.

Molecular Weight	137.907124 g/mol	Source
Source	PubChem
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Description	Data deposited in or computed by PubChem

CAS No.	15816-87-2	Source
Record name	Lanthanum, isotope of mass 138
Source	ChemIDplus
URL	https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/?source=chemidplus&sourceid=0015816872
Description	ChemIDplus is a free, web search system that provides access to the structure and nomenclature authority files used for the identification of chemical substances cited in National Library of Medicine (NLM) databases, including the TOXNET system.

Record name	(~138~La)Lanthanum
Source	EPA DSSTox
URL	https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/DTXSID40935867
Description	DSSTox provides a high quality public chemistry resource for supporting improved predictive toxicology.

Synthesis routes and methods I

Procedure details

4-[(6,7-Dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]aniline [starting compound A] (415 mg) was dissolved in 10 ml of a 1% AcOH/DMF solution to prepare a solution. Further, aldehyde linker lanthanum (D-series; 28 μmol/unit) (10 units) was added to the solution. The reaction mixture was slowly shaken for 19 hr. Sodium boron triacetoxyhydride (475 mg) was added thereto, and the mixture was further slowly shaken for 24 hr. Lanthanum was taken out of the reaction solution and was washed with alternate N,N-dimethylformamide and dichloromethane each three times, followed by drying under the reduced pressure to give lanthanum with 4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]aniline supported thereon. This lanthanum (3 units) was added to 1 ml of dichloromethane, and a solution of N-(chlorocarbonyl) isocyanate [starting compound B] (55 μl) in dichloromethane (0.2 ml) was added to the mixture at 0° C. The mixture was slowly shaken overnight at room temperature. Further, a mixed solution composed of aniline [starting compound C] (68 μl), diisopropylamine (0.2 ml), and dichloromethane (0.3 ml) was then added thereto at 0° C. The mixture was shaken at room temperature for 7 hr and was then washed with alternate N,N-dimethylformamide and dichloromethane each five times. Drying under the reduced pressure was carried out, a 50% TFA/dichloromethane solution (1 ml) was added thereto, and the mixture was shaken at room temperature for 50 min to take off the product from lanthanum, followed by purification by thin layer chromatography on silica gel to give 6.8 mg of the title compound.

Name

4-[(6,7-Dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]aniline

Quantity

415 mg

Type

reactant

Reaction Step One

Name

compound A

Quantity

0 (± 1) mol

Type

reactant

Reaction Step One

Name

AcOH DMF

Quantity

0 (± 1) mol

Type

solvent

Reaction Step One

[Compound]

Name

aldehyde

Quantity

28 μmol

Type

reactant

Reaction Step Two

[Compound]

Name

Sodium boron triacetoxyhydride

Quantity

475 mg

Type

reactant

Reaction Step Three

Name

Lanthanum

Quantity

0 (± 1) mol

Type

reactant

Reaction Step Four

Name

lanthanum

Name

4-[(6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy]aniline

Details

Synthesis routes and methods II

Procedure details

A lanthanum precursor composition was prepared by transcarboxylating 2 grams of lanthanum acetate (40.5% by wt. La) with 8 grams of 2-ethylhexanoic acid to produce lanthanum 2 -ethylhexanoate.

Name

lanthanum acetate

Quantity

2 g

Type

reactant

Reaction Step One

Name

2-ethylhexanoic acid

Quantity

8 g

Type

reactant

Reaction Step Two

Name

lanthanum

Name

lanthanum 2 -ethylhexanoate

Details

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Please be aware that all articles and product information presented on BenchChem are intended solely for informational purposes. The products available for purchase on BenchChem are specifically designed for in-vitro studies, which are conducted outside of living organisms. In-vitro studies, derived from the Latin term "in glass," involve experiments performed in controlled laboratory settings using cells or tissues. It is important to note that these products are not categorized as medicines or drugs, and they have not received approval from the FDA for the prevention, treatment, or cure of any medical condition, ailment, or disease. We must emphasize that any form of bodily introduction of these products into humans or animals is strictly prohibited by law. It is essential to adhere to these guidelines to ensure compliance with legal and ethical standards in research and experimentation.

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